Edward I (Longshanks)
Formidable king who conquered Wales and attempted to subjugate Scotland, earning the sobriquet 'Hammer of the Scots.' He reformed English law and administration, convening the Model Parliament of 1295 that included knights and burgesses. He expelled the Jews from England in 1290, an act not reversed until Cromwell readmitted them in 1656.
- Lived: 1239 CE – 1307 CE
- Nationality: english
- Roles: king, head_of_state
