Louis IX of France
Louis IX, known as Saint Louis, was considered the ideal medieval Christian king — renowned for personal piety, justice, and charitable works including hospitals and ransoms for crusader captives. He led two crusades, dying of plague before Tunis on the second, and was canonized in 1297. His major legal and administrative reforms strengthened royal justice throughout France.
- Lived: 1214 CE – 1270 CE
- Nationality: french
- Roles: king, head_of_state
