Muwatalli II

Muwatalli II was the Great King of Hatti who led the Hittite Empire at the peak of its power against Ramesses II of Egypt at the Battle of Kadesh around 1274 BCE. He assembled a massive coalition of allied and vassal forces and nearly destroyed the Egyptian army in an ambush before Ramesses rallied his personal guard. The battle ended inconclusively, with both sides later claiming victory. Though Muwatalli held Kadesh and Amurru, the military stalemate contributed to the eventual peace treaty between his successor and Ramesses — the earliest known international peace treaty — which fixed the border between the two empires.

• Nationality: hittite
• Roles: ruler, general