Francesco Saverio Castiglioni, pope 1829–1830. Elected as a compromise after a long conclave, he ruled for only 20 months before dying. He condemned secret societies and mixed marriages, but was more moderate than his predecessor Leo XII. His death brought the liberal Gregory XVI to the throne.
- Lived: 1761 CE – 1830 CE
- Nationality: Italian
- Roles: Pope, Cleric
