Shapur II of Persia
Sasanian Persian king (309-379 CE) — reputedly crowned in the womb — whose 70-year reign was the longest of any Sasanian monarch. Captured the Roman emperor Valerian in 260 CE (before his reign; that was Shapur I). He defeated Julian the Apostate's invasion and extracted the humiliating Peace of Jovian (363 CE), regaining Nisibis and Mesopotamian territory.
- Nationality: Sasanian
- Roles: king, military_commander