Kingdom of Jerusalem

The Kingdom of Jerusalem was a crusader state established in the Holy Land following the First Crusade. Governed by a feudal hierarchy of European nobles, it centred on the holy city of Jerusalem and maintained a precarious existence surrounded by Muslim powers. The kingdom reached its greatest extent under kings like Baldwin I and Baldwin IV, the famous Leper King. Saladin defeated the crusaders at the Battle of Hattin in 1187, recapturing Jerusalem, and the kingdom was finally extinguished when the Mamluks took Acre in 1291.

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