Lebanon

Lebanon, carved out of Greater Syria under French Mandate in 1920, gained independence in 1943. Its confessional political system provided stability until the Lebanese Civil War (1975-90). The 2020 Beirut port explosion killed over 200 people, devastated the capital, and precipitated an economic collapse. Lebanon remains a fragile state between Hezbollah's power and international pressures.

• Existed: 1943 CE – present
• Type: Entity
• Government: Confessional Republic
• Capital: Beirut