Neo-Babylonian Empire

The Neo-Babylonian Empire (626-539 BCE), also called the Chaldean Empire, was established by Nabopolassar, a Chaldean chieftain, who allied with the Medes to destroy the Assyrian Empire. His son Nebuchadnezzar II (605-562 BCE) made Babylon one of the greatest cities in the ancient world, conquered Judah and deported its population (the Babylonian Captivity), and campaigned as far as Egypt. The empire ended with the peaceful conquest of Babylon by Cyrus the Great of Persia in 539 BCE.

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