Pakistan
Pakistan, carved out of British India in 1947 as a homeland for South Asian Muslims, has alternated between civilian and military rule. Three wars with India (1947, 1965, 1971) and the secession of East Pakistan as Bangladesh (1971) shaped its history. A nuclear-armed state of 230 million, Pakistan faces chronic economic instability and civil-military tensions.
- Existed: 1947 CE – present
- Type: Entity
- Government: Federal Parliamentary Republic
- Capital: Islamabad