Parthian Empire

The Arsacid Parthian Empire controlled the Iranian plateau and Mesopotamia from 247 BCE to 224 CE, acting as Rome's major eastern rival. Crassus was destroyed at Carrhae (53 BCE); Mark Antony's invasion failed (36 BCE). Parthia fell to the internal revolt of Ardashir I, who founded the Sasanian Empire.

• Existed: 247 BCE – 224 CE
• Type: Empire
• Government: Feudal monarchy (King of Kings)
• Capital: Ctesiphon