Taiping Heavenly Kingdom

The Taiping Heavenly Kingdom was a heterodox Christian millenarian state established by Hong Xiuquan in southern China. At its peak it controlled much of the Yangtze River valley including its capital Nanjing (renamed Tianjing). The Taiping Rebellion against the Qing Dynasty was one of the deadliest conflicts in human history, with estimates of 20–30 million dead. The kingdom was suppressed in 1864 by Qing forces aided by the Ever-Victorious Army under Frederick Townsend Ward and Charles Gordon.

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