Reign of Caligula
Caligula was the son of the beloved general Germanicus and had grown up in army camps, earning his nickname from soldiers who dressed him in a miniature legionary uniform. When Tiberius died in 37 CE, Caligula was welcomed by the Senate and the Roman people with enormous relief. His opening months were promising: he recalled exiles, abolished the hated treason trials, published the budget, and staged lavish games. A serious illness in late 37 CE marked a turning point. The Caligula who emerged was erratic and cruel. He revived maiestas trials, demanded divine honours, and identified himself with Jupiter. He had statues placed in provincial temples including the Temple in Jerusalem, provoking Jewish resistance. On 24 January 41 CE, officers of the Praetorian Guard led by Cassius Chaerea stabbed Caligula in a palace corridor. The Senate briefly debated restoring the Republic before the Guard imposed Claudius as successor.
- Year: 37 CE
- Category: Political
