Alexander I of Russia

Alexander I was Tsar of Russia from 1801 to 1825, navigating a complex relationship with Napoleon that shifted from enmity to alliance and back to enmity. He signed the Treaty of Tilsit in 1807, temporarily aligning Russia with France, but later led the coalition that ultimately defeated Napoleon. After the wars, he was a central figure at the Congress of Vienna and championed the Holy Alliance.

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