Charles IX of France
Charles IX ascended at age ten and ruled under the dominant influence of his mother Catherine de' Medici throughout the Wars of Religion. He gave his approval, under pressure from Catherine, for the St. Bartholomew's Day Massacre of 1572, in which thousands of Huguenots were killed across France. Haunted by this act and chronically ill, he died at 23.
- Lived: 1550 CE – 1574 CE
- Nationality: french
- Roles: king, head_of_state
