Giulio Rospigliosi, pope 1667–1669. A cultured humanist who had previously written librettos for early operas. His brief pontificate was consumed by the unsuccessful defence of Crete against Ottoman conquest (1669) and efforts to forge a Christian league against the Turks.
- Lived: 1600 CE – 1669 CE
- Nationality: Italian
- Roles: Pope, Cleric
